Vue集成three.js并加载glb、gltf、FBX、json模型的场景分析-GLB下载网 - GLB/GLTF模型与格式资源免费下载，支持在线浏览与转换

Vue集成three.js并加载glb、gltf、FBX、json模型的场景分析

先上几个网址

ThreeJS官方：http://www.thingjs.com/guide/city2/

ThreeJS文档：https://threejs.org/docs/index.html#manual/en/introduction/Creating-a-scene

免费模型网：https://glbxz.com/err/search.php?keyword=%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%B9

接下来就我做的一个demo开始

安装

npm i three
npm i three–orbitcontrols
npm i stats.js // 性能监测

组件中引入

import * as THREE from ‘three’
import * as Stats from ‘stats.js’
import OrbitControls from ‘three-orbitcontrols’
import { GLTFLoader } from ‘three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader’
import { DRACOLoader } from ‘three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js’
import { FBXLoader } from ‘three/examples/jsm/loaders/FBXLoader.js’

基本使用

1.创建场景

this.scene = new THREE.Scene();

2.相机

this.camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(50, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000);
// 设置摄像机位置,相机方向逆X轴方向，倾斜向下看
this.camera.position.set(360, 360, 360);
// 指向场景中心
this.camera.lookAt(this.scene.position);

3. 渲染器

this.renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true });
// 设置环境
this.renderer.setClearColor(new THREE.Color(“#f1f9fb”));
// 设置场景大小
this.renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight);
// 渲染器开启阴影效果
this.renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;

4.创建纹理加载器

this.textureLoader = new THREE.TextureLoader();

5.创建组合对象

加载外部模型的时候，基本上都是一个组合对象，因为外部模型都是比较大的，把零散的模型组合到一块便于操作，可以使用THREE.Group来操作一组对象，包括旋转，缩放，移动等，里面的子对象都会受到影响。THREE.Group继承自THREE.Object3D对象，并且和THREE.Object3D对象没有任何区别，仅仅是名字上的差异

this.groupBox = new THREE.Group();

6.添加坐标轴，辅助判断位置

let axes = new THREE.AxesHelper(1000);
this.scene.add(axes);

7.点光源

// 点光源
let point = new THREE.PointLight(0xffffff);
point.position.set(500, 300, 400); // 点光源位置
this.scene.add(point); // 点光源添加到场景中

8.环境光

// 环境光
let ambient = new THREE.AmbientLight(0x999999);
this.scene.add(ambient);

9.性能监测

//创建性能监测
this.stats = new Stats()
this.stats.showPanel(0) // 0: fps, 1: ms, 2: mb, 3+: custom
this.stats.domElement.style.position = ‘absolute’; //绝对坐标 this.stats.domElement.style.left = ‘0px’;// (0,0)px,左上角
this.stats.domElement.style.top = ‘0px’;
$(‘#stats’).appendChild(this.stats.domElement)

10.相机控件

//创建相机控件
this.control = new OrbitControls(this.camera, this.renderer.domElement)
this.control.enableDamping = true
// 动态阻尼系数就是鼠标拖拽旋转灵敏度，阻尼越小越灵敏
this.control.dampingFactor = 0.5;
// 是否可以缩放
this.control.enableZoom = true;
// 是否自动旋转
this.control.autoRotate = false;
// 设置相机距离原点的最近距离
this.control.minDistance = 20;
// 设置相机距离原点的最远距离
this.control.maxDistance = 1000;
// 是否开启右键拖拽
this.control.enablePan = true;
// 上下翻转的最大角度
this.control.maxPolarAngle = 1.5;
// 上下翻转的最小角度
this.control.minPolarAngle = 0.0;
// 是否可以旋转
this.enableRotate = true;

11.渲染canvas到容器

$(‘#container’).appendChild(this.renderer.domElement);

12.加载glb、gltf模型

loadGlbModel() {
const loader = new GLTFLoader()
// const dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader()
// dracoLoader.setDecoderPath(‘/draco/’)
// dracoLoader.preload()
// loader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader)
loader.load(`${this.publicPath}model/12OJJ6MOWT722N61Z5N92KA9C.glb`, (gltf) => {
console.log(gltf, ‘gltf—–>>>’)
gltf.scene.scale.set(100,100,100) // 设置模型大小缩放
gltf.scene.position.set(0,0,0)
let axis = new THREE.Vector3(0,1,0);//向量axis
gltf.scene.rotateOnAxis(axis,Math.PI/2);
//绕axis轴逆旋转π/16
gltf.scene.rotateOnAxis(axis,Math.PI/-20);
gltf.scene.rotateOnAxis(axis,Math.PI/50);
// gltf.rotateY(Math.PI / 2);
// this.groupBox.add(gltf);
this.scene.add(gltf.scene)
}, (xhr) => {
console.log((xhr.loaded / xhr.total) * 100 + ‘% loaded’)
}, (error) => {
console.error(error)
})
},

13.加载FBX模型

// 加载 FBX 模型
loadFbxModel() {
const loader = new FBXLoader();
loader.load(`${this.publicPath}model/glbxz.com6031.FBX`, object => {//加载路径fbx文件
console.log(object, ‘object—–>>>’)
object.traverse( child => {
if ( child.isMesh ){
child.castShadow = true;
child.receiveShadow = true;
}
});
this.scene.add(object);//模型
})
},

14.加载json模型

//加载 JSON格式模型
loadJsonModel() {
//设置相机位置
this.camera.position.z = 130
this.camera.position.y = 80
const loader = new THREE.ObjectLoader()
loader.load(`${this.publicPath}model/xxxx.json`, json => {
//处理加载模型为黑色问题
json.traverse(child => {
if (child.isMesh) {
child.material.emissive = child.material.color
child.material.emissiveMap = child.material.map
}
})
this.scene.add(group)
}, xhr => {
// called while loading is progressing
console.log(`${( xhr.loaded / xhr.total * 100 )}% loaded`);
}, error => {
// called when loading has errors
console.error(‘An error happened’, error);
})
},

15.创建材质

// 创建材质
createMaterial() {
// 创建三维用到的材质
/**
*
* MeshBasicMaterial: 网格基础材质
* MeshDepthMaterial: 网格深度材质
* MeshNormalMaterial: 网格法向材质
* MeshLambertMaterial: 网格Lambert 材质
* MeshPhongMaterial: 网格 Phong式材质
* MeshStandardMaterial: 网格标准材质
* MeshPhysicalMaterial: 网格物理材质
* MeshToonMaterial: 网格卡通材质
* ShadowMaterial: 阴影材质
* ShaderMaterial: 着色器材质
* LineBasicMaterial: 直线基础材质
* LineDashMaterial: 虚线材质
*/
// 外墙
let wallMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({ color: 0x00ffff });
let wallGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(439 + 2 + 2, 120, 376.5 + 2 + 2); // 创建几何体
let wallMesh = new THREE.Mesh(wallGeo, wallMaterial);
wallMesh.position.set(0, 60, 0); //(0, 60, -14.95);
this.scene.add(wallMesh) // 添加结果到场景中
// 内墙
let wallInnerMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({
color: 0x2d1bff,
});
let wallInnerGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(439, 120, 376.5); //(270, 120, 390);
let wallInnerMesh = new THREE.Mesh(wallInnerGeo, wallInnerMaterial);
wallInnerMesh.position.set(0, 60, 0); //(0, 60, -14.95);
this.scene.add(wallInnerMesh) // 添加结果到场景中
// 门
let doorTexture = this.textureLoader.load(
require(“../../../../assets/img/1.png”) // 暂时注掉
);
let boxTextureMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
map: doorTexture,
metalness: 0.2,
roughness: 0.07,
side: THREE.DoubleSide,
});
//let doorInnerMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color: 0x2D1BFF});
let doorGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(2, 80, 74.5);
let doorMesh = new THREE.Mesh(doorGeo, boxTextureMaterial);
doorMesh.position.set(-220.5, 40, 0);
this.scene.add(doorMesh); // 添加结果到场景中
/**
* threeBSP – 引用还有问题
*/
// //转BSP
// let wallBSP = new ThreeBSP(wallMesh);
// let wallInnerBSP = new ThreeBSP(wallInnerMesh);
// let doorBSP = new ThreeBSP(doorMesh);
// // let window1BSP = new ThreeBSP(this.createWindowRight());
// //let window2BSP = new ThreeBSP(this.createWindowRight());// createWindowLeft
// let wallResultBSP = wallBSP.subtract(wallInnerBSP);
// wallResultBSP = wallResultBSP.subtract(doorBSP);
// // wallResultBSP = wallResultBSP.subtract(window1BSP);
// //wallResultBSP = wallResultBSP.subtract(window2BSP);
// let wallResultMesh = wallResultBSP.toMesh();
// //转换后的Mesh配置属性
// let wallTexture = this.textureLoader.load(require(“../../../../assets/img/3.jpg”)); // 暂时注掉
// let wallTextureMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
// map: wallTexture,
// metalness: 0.2,
// roughness: 0.07,
// side: THREE.DoubleSide,
// });
// let wallInnerTexture = this.textureLoader.load(
// require(“../../../../assets/img/6.jpg”) // 暂时注掉
// );
// let wallInnerTextureMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
// map: wallInnerTexture,
// metalness: 0.2,
// roughness: 0.07,
// side: THREE.DoubleSide,
// });
// let wallResultMeshMaterial = [];
// wallResultMeshMaterial.push(wallTextureMaterial);
// wallResultMeshMaterial.push(wallInnerTextureMaterial);
// //wallResultMeshMaterial.push(boxTextureMaterial);
// wallResultMesh.material = wallResultMeshMaterial;
// // console.log(wallResultMesh.geometry.faces, 112233);
// wallResultMesh.geometry.faces.forEach((item, i) => {
// if (i < 160) {
// item.materialIndex = 0;
// } else {
// item.materialIndex = 1;
// }
// });
// wallResultMesh.geometry.computeFaceNormals();
// wallResultMesh.geometry.computeVertexNormals();
// //添加结果到场景中
// this.scene.add(wallResultMesh);
},

16.进行渲染

render() {
let animate = () => {
//循环调用函数
this.clearAnim = requestAnimationFrame(animate)
//更新相机控件
this.control.update()
// 更新性能插件
this.stats.update()
//渲染界面
this.renderer.render(this.scene, this.camera)
}
animate()
}

17.为模型绑定事件

这里以点击事件为例

this.renderer.domElement.addEventListener(‘click’, this.modelMouseClick, false)

// 模型的点击事件
modelMouseClick( event ) {
var raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();
var mouse = new THREE.Vector2();
// 将鼠标位置归一化为设备坐标。x 和 y 方向的取值范围是 (-1 to +1)
mouse.x = ( event.clientX / window.innerWidth ) * 2 – 1;
mouse.y = – ( event.clientY / window.innerHeight ) * 2 + 1;
raycaster.setFromCamera(mouse, this.camera);
const intersects = raycaster.intersectObjects(this.scene.children);
// 根据它来判断点击的什么，length为0即没有点击到模型
console.log(intersects, ‘intersects—–>>>’)
}

完整代码

<template>
<div id=“import-template”>
<!– 放性能监测的容器 –>
<div id=“stats”></div>
<!– 3D模型容器 –>
<div id=“container”></div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
// import ‘@/utils/ThreeBSP.js’ // 不可以这么引
import * as THREE from ‘three’
import * as Stats from ‘stats.js’
// import * as dat from ‘dat.gui’
import OrbitControls from ‘three-orbitcontrols’
import { GLTFLoader } from ‘three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader’
import { DRACOLoader } from ‘three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js’
import { FBXLoader } from ‘three/examples/jsm/loaders/FBXLoader.js’
const $ = name => document.querySelector(name)
export default {
data() {
return {
scene: null, // 场景
camera: null, // 照相机
renderer: null, // 渲染器
mesh: null, // 网格
textureLoader: null, // 纹理加载器
mixer: null,
groupBox: null,
stats: null, // 性能监测
control: null, // 相机控件
publicPath: process.env.BASE_URL,
clearAnim: null,
clock: null
}
},
created() {
// this.init()
},
mounted() {
this.init()
},
destroyed() {
cancelAnimationFrame(this.clearAnim) // 清除requestAnimationFrame
this.renderer.domElement.removeEventListener(‘click’, this.modelMouseClick, false)
this.scene = null, // 场景
this.camera = null, // 照相机
this.renderer = null, // 渲染器
this.mesh = null, // 网格
this.textureLoader = null, // 纹理加载器
this.mixer = null,
this.groupBox = null,
this.stats = null, // 性能监测
this.control = null, // 相机控件
this.publicPath = process.env.BASE_URL,
this.clock = null
},
methods: {
//初始化
init() {
// 场景
this.scene = new THREE.Scene();
// 1.2 相机
this.camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(50, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000);
// 设置摄像机位置,相机方向逆X轴方向，倾斜向下看
this.camera.position.set(360, 360, 360);
//this.camera.position.set(-20, 40 ,30)
// 指向场景中心
this.camera.lookAt(this.scene.position);
// 1.3 渲染器
this.renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true });
// 创建纹理加载器
this.textureLoader = new THREE.TextureLoader();
// 创建一个组合对象
this.groupBox = new THREE.Group();
// 添加坐标轴，辅助判断位置
let axes = new THREE.AxesHelper(1000);
this.scene.add(axes);
// 设置环境
this.renderer.setClearColor(new THREE.Color(“#f1f9fb”));
// 设置场景大小
this.renderer.setSize(
$(‘#container’).getBoundingClientRect().width,
$(‘#container’).getBoundingClientRect().height
);
// 渲染器开启阴影效果
this.renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
// 点光源
let point = new THREE.PointLight(0xffffff);
point.position.set(500, 300, 400); // 点光源位置
this.scene.add(point); // 点光源添加到场景中
// 环境光
let ambient = new THREE.AmbientLight(0x999999);
this.scene.add(ambient);
//创建性能监测
this.stats = new Stats()
this.stats.showPanel(0) // 0: fps, 1: ms, 2: mb, 3+: custom
this.stats.domElement.style.position = ‘absolute’; //绝对坐标
this.stats.domElement.style.left = ‘0px’;// (0,0)px,左上角
this.stats.domElement.style.top = ‘0px’;
$(‘#stats’).appendChild(this.stats.domElement)
// 渲染div到canvas
$(‘#container’).appendChild(this.renderer.domElement);
//创建相机控件
this.control = new OrbitControls(this.camera, this.renderer.domElement)
this.control.enableDamping = true
// 动态阻尼系数就是鼠标拖拽旋转灵敏度，阻尼越小越灵敏
this.control.dampingFactor = 0.5;
// 是否可以缩放
this.control.enableZoom = true;
// 是否自动旋转
this.control.autoRotate = false;
// 设置相机距离原点的最近距离
this.control.minDistance = 20;
// 设置相机距离原点的最远距离
this.control.maxDistance = 1000;
// 是否开启右键拖拽
this.control.enablePan = true;
// 上下翻转的最大角度
this.control.maxPolarAngle = 1.5;
// 上下翻转的最小角度
this.control.minPolarAngle = 0.0;
// 是否可以旋转
this.enableRotate = true;
this.loadGlbModel(); // 加载 glb、gltf模型
// this.loadFbxModel() // 加载 FBX 模型
// this.loadJsonModel() // 加载 json 模型
// this.createMaterial() // 创建材质
// 最后进行渲染
this.render()
},
// 最后的渲染
render() {
let animate = () => {
//循环调用函数
this.clearAnim = requestAnimationFrame(animate)
//更新相机控件
this.control.update()
// 更新性能插件
this.stats.update()
//渲染界面
this.renderer.render(this.scene, this.camera)
}
animate()
// 为模型绑定点击事件
this.renderer.domElement.addEventListener(‘click’, this.modelMouseClick, false)
},
// 创建材质
createMaterial() {
// 创建三维用到的材质
/**
*
* MeshBasicMaterial: 网格基础材质
* MeshDepthMaterial: 网格深度材质
* MeshNormalMaterial: 网格法向材质
* MeshLambertMaterial: 网格Lambert 材质
* MeshPhongMaterial: 网格 Phong式材质
* MeshStandardMaterial: 网格标准材质
* MeshPhysicalMaterial: 网格物理材质
* MeshToonMaterial: 网格卡通材质
* ShadowMaterial: 阴影材质
* ShaderMaterial: 着色器材质
* LineBasicMaterial: 直线基础材质
* LineDashMaterial: 虚线材质
*/
// 外墙
let wallMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({ color: 0x00ffff });
let wallGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(439 + 2 + 2, 120, 376.5 + 2 + 2); // 创建几何体
let wallMesh = new THREE.Mesh(wallGeo, wallMaterial);
wallMesh.position.set(0, 60, 0); //(0, 60, -14.95);
this.scene.add(wallMesh)
// 内墙
let wallInnerMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({
color: 0x2d1bff,
});
let wallInnerGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(439, 120, 376.5); //(270, 120, 390);
let wallInnerMesh = new THREE.Mesh(wallInnerGeo, wallInnerMaterial);
wallInnerMesh.position.set(0, 60, 0); //(0, 60, -14.95);
this.scene.add(wallInnerMesh)
// 门
let doorTexture = this.textureLoader.load(
require(“../../../../assets/img/1.png”) // 暂时注掉
);
let boxTextureMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
map: doorTexture,
metalness: 0.2,
roughness: 0.07,
side: THREE.DoubleSide,
});
//let doorInnerMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color: 0x2D1BFF});
let doorGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(2, 80, 74.5);
let doorMesh = new THREE.Mesh(doorGeo, boxTextureMaterial);
doorMesh.position.set(-220.5, 40, 0);
this.scene.add(doorMesh);
/**
* threeBSP – 引用还有问题
*/
// //转BSP
// let wallBSP = new ThreeBSP(wallMesh);
// let wallInnerBSP = new ThreeBSP(wallInnerMesh);
// let doorBSP = new ThreeBSP(doorMesh);
// // let window1BSP = new ThreeBSP(this.createWindowRight());
// //let window2BSP = new ThreeBSP(this.createWindowRight());// createWindowLeft
// let wallResultBSP = wallBSP.subtract(wallInnerBSP);
// wallResultBSP = wallResultBSP.subtract(doorBSP);
// // wallResultBSP = wallResultBSP.subtract(window1BSP);
// //wallResultBSP = wallResultBSP.subtract(window2BSP);
// let wallResultMesh = wallResultBSP.toMesh();
// //转换后的Mesh配置属性
// let wallTexture = this.textureLoader.load(require(“../../../../assets/img/3.jpg”)); // 暂时注掉
// let wallTextureMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
// map: wallTexture,
// metalness: 0.2,
// roughness: 0.07,
// side: THREE.DoubleSide,
// });
// let wallInnerTexture = this.textureLoader.load(
// require(“../../../../assets/img/6.jpg”) // 暂时注掉
// );
// let wallInnerTextureMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
// map: wallInnerTexture,
// metalness: 0.2,
// roughness: 0.07,
// side: THREE.DoubleSide,
// });
// let wallResultMeshMaterial = [];
// wallResultMeshMaterial.push(wallTextureMaterial);
// wallResultMeshMaterial.push(wallInnerTextureMaterial);
// //wallResultMeshMaterial.push(boxTextureMaterial);
// wallResultMesh.material = wallResultMeshMaterial;
// // console.log(wallResultMesh.geometry.faces, 112233);
// wallResultMesh.geometry.faces.forEach((item, i) => {
// if (i < 160) {
// item.materialIndex = 0;
// } else {
// item.materialIndex = 1;
// }
// });
// wallResultMesh.geometry.computeFaceNormals();
// wallResultMesh.geometry.computeVertexNormals();
// //添加结果到场景中
// this.scene.add(wallResultMesh);
},
// 加载 GLTF 模型
loadGlbModel() {
const loader = new GLTFLoader()
// const dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader()
// dracoLoader.setDecoderPath(‘/draco/’)
// dracoLoader.preload()
// loader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader)
loader.load(`${this.publicPath}model/12OJJ6MOWT722N61Z5N92KA9C.glb`, (gltf) => {
console.log(gltf, ‘gltf—–>>>’)
gltf.scene.scale.set(100,100,100) // 设置模型大小缩放
gltf.scene.position.set(0,0,0)
let axis = new THREE.Vector3(0,1,0);//向量axis
gltf.scene.rotateOnAxis(axis,Math.PI/2);
//绕axis轴逆旋转π/16
gltf.scene.rotateOnAxis(axis,Math.PI/-20);
gltf.scene.rotateOnAxis(axis,Math.PI/50);
// gltf.rotateY(Math.PI / 2);
// this.groupBox.add(gltf);
this.scene.add(gltf.scene)
}, (xhr) => {
console.log((xhr.loaded / xhr.total) * 100 + ‘% loaded’)
}, (error) => {
console.error(error)
})
},
// 加载 FBX 模型
loadFbxModel() {
const loader = new FBXLoader();
loader.load(`${this.publicPath}model/glbxz.com6031.FBX`, object => {//加载路径fbx文件
console.log(object, ‘object—–>>>’)
object.traverse( child => {
if ( child.isMesh ){
child.castShadow = true;
child.receiveShadow = true;
}
});
this.scene.add(object);//模型
})
},
//加载 JSON格式模型
loadJsonModel() {
//设置相机位置
this.camera.position.z = 130
this.camera.position.y = 80
const loader = new THREE.ObjectLoader()
loader.load(`${this.publicPath}model/xxxx.json`, json => {
//处理加载模型为黑色问题
json.traverse(child => {
if (child.isMesh) {
child.material.emissive = child.material.color
child.material.emissiveMap = child.material.map
}
})
this.scene.add(group)
}, xhr => {
// called while loading is progressing
console.log(`${( xhr.loaded / xhr.total * 100 )}% loaded`);
}, error => {
// called when loading has errors
console.error(‘An error happened’, error);
})
},
// 模型的点击事件
modelMouseClick( event ) {
var raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();
var mouse = new THREE.Vector2();
// 将鼠标位置归一化为设备坐标。x 和 y 方向的取值范围是 (-1 to +1)
mouse.x = ( event.clientX / window.innerWidth ) * 2 – 1;
mouse.y = – ( event.clientY / window.innerHeight ) * 2 + 1;
raycaster.setFromCamera(mouse, this.camera);
const intersects = raycaster.intersectObjects(this.scene.children);
// 根据它来判断点击的什么，length为0即没有点击到模型
console.log(intersects, ‘intersects—–>>>’)
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
#import-template {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
#stats {
width: 100%;
height: 50px;
position: relative;
}
#container {
width: 100%;
height: calc(100% – 50px);
}
</style>